Khilji Dynasty (1290-1320)
The founder of Khilji Dynasty in South Asia, Malik Firuz, was originally the Ariz-i-Mumalik appointed by Kaiqubad durin the days of decline of the Slave Dynasty. He took advantage of the political vacuum that was created due to the incompetence of the successors of Balban. To occupy the throne, he only had to remove
The founder of the Khilji Dynasty in South Asia, Malik Firu the throne of Delhi as Jalal-ud-Din Firuz Shah. Khiljis were basical Central Asians but had lived in Afghanistan for so long that the the infant Sultan Kaimurs. On June 13, 1290, Malik Firuz ascend in terms of customs andmanners. Thus, the coming of Khiljis to power was more than a dynastic change.
As majority of the Muslim population of Delhi was Turk, the arrival of a Khilji ruler was not much welcomed. Yet Jalal-ud-Din managed to win the hearts of the people through his mildness and generosity. He retained most of the officers holding key positions in the Slave Dynasty. His own nephew and son-in-law, Alauddin Khilji killed Jalal-ud-Din and took over as the new ruler. Alauddin's reign is marked by innovative administrative and revenue reforms, market control regulations and a whirlwind period of conquests. It is considered the golden period of the Khilji rule. However, before the death of Alauddin, his house was divided in different camps which
resulted in the ultimate collapse of the Khalji Dynasty in 1320.
A Turk noble, Ghazi Malik became Sultan assuming the title of Chyasuddin Tughluq Shah, thus becoming the founder of the Tughluq Dynasty. After becoming Sultan, Ghiyas-ud-Din concentrated on crushing the Hindu rajas and conquered Bengal, which was no longer part of the central empire since the death of Balban. When he came back after the successful Bengal expedition, he was killed in a ceremony, and his son Muhammad Tughluq succeeded him.
Muhammad Tughluq was a man of ideas, not action. He tried to implement a number of his own schemes which did not work. A civil war like situation was created and a tussle began between the power-hungry princes. The nobles, who in order to gain more power, started supporting one prince or the other, further worsened
the situation. Amir Timur's invasion on Delhi in 1398 further destroyed the political and economic standing of the Tughluqs. The dynasty eventually came to an end in 1414 when Khizar Khan founded the Saiyid Dynasty in Delhi.
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